How is nitrite formed？I have sent it before, I have not been all, please forgive a patient who obsessively distrue (EMOJI: 8J + QPQ ==]
The nitrite content will cause a large amount of death of the organism, and it is also an important indicator for measuring whether the biological filtration system is working.
NO2 is in 0.1 mg or less is a safe healthy water quality, 0.1 mg is mild pollution, 0.During the 25 mg or more, the biology in 1 mg or above began to die.Second, the harm of nitrite:
Nitrite is poisonous because it is oxidized to transformed heme, and this metamorite heme cannot transport oxygen.Hemarkiculthicle contains 2 valeries, can bind oxygen molecules, when nitrous acid is oxidized into a three-valenten ferrite, hemes lose the function of carrying oxygen, becoming a metamorphic heme.
There is a key factor in the toxicity of nitrous acid to the fish, that is, nitrous acid diffuses from the sputum into the blood.The chloride ion will inhibit the epithelial cells of nitrous acid by the competition of the channel.Therefore, the toxicity of nitrous acid is effectively reduced.Chloride ions have a 1 price negative charge as the nitrous acid, and the two anions have the same size of water and stereoscopic structures.Higher chloride ion / nitrite ion ratio can inhibit nitrics into the blood, thus reducing quot; quot on the surface; toxicity, in addition, carbonate ions also have a chlorine effect, but because of the molecules of carbonateAnd unable to effectively compete with nitrous acid competition.
Higher salt concentration (higher ionic strength) can reduce the toxicity of nitrous acid to fish, under certain conditions (higher or more) to treat about 0.3% (3 grams of salt per liter) can also reduce the risk of nitrite poisoning. In short, it is absolutely necessary to understand the reasons of nitrite concentration and correct the concentration as soon as possible.
Nitrous acid in soft water of low ion strength, more poisonous than hard water, the same nitric acid is more than seawater in fresh water, there is a relationship between nitrite ions and nitrite molecules. Relationship between ammonium ions and ammonia moleculesThe balance between ions and nonionic forms are fixed, and when the pH is lower than 7, the hydrogen ions binding to the nitrite ions will increase, thus the proportion of nitrite molecules will also increase.The nitrite is a small molecule, which is easy to diffuse through the peeling epithelial cells, and the nitrite is no needle, so the nitrite does not require any ion transport passage, and when the nitrite is in a transparent epithelial cell, it canSuccessfully passed into the blood without being inhibited (competition) by any other ions, and it was better than (NO2-) by the passage by chloride ion.
The pH decreases each unit, and the amount of nitrite will increase by 10 times, so when the pH is lowered, the toxicity of nitrous acid will increase, which is just the opposite of the ammonia.
The nitrite concentration is stable in 0.2 mg / L or less, so that any danger can be avoided.
Situation of abnormal increase in the three-cylinder nitrite concentration
1. When the new cylinder is opened, the nitrite concentration will have a peak in two weeks, as nitrifying bacteria are the product NO2 of nitrifying bacteria (the lower aspect of the reaction).As the nitroration system is gradually established, the nitrite concentration will gradually become low.
We often say that nitrifying bacteria include nitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. The substrates and products of the two are different, both of which are in nature, interdependent.
2NH4 + 3O2 + nitrification bacteria - → 2NO2- + 4H + + 2H2O + 352kJ
2NO2- + O2 + nitrification bacteria - → 2NO3- + 75kJ
2, after cleaning filter cotton, nitrifying bacteria loss, the nitrification capacity of the filtration system will decrease, resulting in a relatively increased ammonia ion concentration in water, thereby appearing a nitrite peak similar to the new cylinder.So this time should increase the frequency of detecting nitrite and supplement nitrification bacteria.
3, PH fluctuations also cause nitrite fluctuations, nitrated bacteria are affected by pH, in pH7.5 ~ 8.At 0, its activity is the greatest, and the metabolism is strong.In pH
= (Xianglong Agricultural Group Fish Friends Review) =
Small fish 331
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At pH less than 7.At 0, nitrifying bacteria grows slowly when pH is less than 6.5pm, nitrifying bacteria will be inhibited, and the metabolism is slow, and the nitrification capacity is greatly reduced.When the pH is less than 6.0 When the nitrification system will stop.Therefore, a general watercown, the pH of the shrimp cylinder is not the best PH range of nitrifying bacteria, and the entire nitrification system is relatively fragile, which is easy to fluctuate by external factors.
Fish friend Ar653iy2
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Very good, very detailed, learn
Yuyou Longmuxuan
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Very careful, learnIngot Phoenix Fish Egg?Mixed breeding of ingot phoenix fish and dragon fish(Does Ingot Phoenix bite a stingray?)Yuanbao Phoenix Fish Water Quality Requirements"Red Arowana and Yuanbao Phoenix PolycultureIngot Phoenix was bitten by the dragon fish"s tail*How to work if the ingot Phoenix fish does not eat/Ingot phoenix fish multi-breeding: Gwangyang Fish，
